{"id":768,"date":"2026-04-20T15:35:37","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:35:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/?p=768"},"modified":"2026-04-20T15:35:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:35:37","slug":"top-10-cong-trinh-kien-truc-dep-nhat-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/2026\/04\/20\/top-10-cong-trinh-kien-truc-dep-nhat-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 10 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1.-cung-dien-mua-dong-nga\">1. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng, Nga<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Neva t\u1ea1i Saint Petersburg, Nga, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Hermitage, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo phong c\u00e1ch Baroque, do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng 90.000 m2, Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u01a1n 700 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang ho\u00e0ng l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby v\u00e0 xa hoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ba m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 200m. M\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ba v\u00f2m l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o l\u1edbn. M\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng ra B\u1ed9 H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft tinh t\u1ebf mang \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Rastrelli. C\u1ea3 ba m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u sang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. C\u00e1c c\u1ed9t bao quanh trang tr\u00ed tinh x\u1ea3o, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn 20 m\u1eabu h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 s\u01b0 t\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 m\u00e0 Rastrelli \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p xa hoa c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 th\u1ea1ch cao m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u00e1p t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng Ngai V\u00e0ng. V\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u1ee7a du kh\u00e1ch y\u00eau th\u00edch v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744JaT\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng, Nga<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744RMa\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng, Nga<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2.-bao-tang-oscar-niemeyer-brazil\">2. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Oscar Niemeyer, Brazil<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Oscar Niemeyer<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf M\u1ef9 Latinh, n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Curitiba, Brazil. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i Oscar Niemeyer. Kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Brazil, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u mang t\u00ean \u201cNovo Museu\u201d (B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai). Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Oscar Niemeyer \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi hai c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p b\u00ea t\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh m\u1eaft, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u1ea3nh. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, v\u1edbi ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Niemeyer t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1967. T\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Oscar Niemeyer, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea7ng 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7c chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i, trong khi t\u1ea7ng 2 c\u00f3 9 ph\u00f2ng tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Frida Kahlo v\u00e0 Andy Warhol \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau th\u00edch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744ixz\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Oscar Niemeyer, Brazil<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744Vwq\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Oscar Niemeyer, Brazil<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3.-bao-tang-aya-sofya-tho-nhi-ky\">3. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Aya Sofya, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Aya Sofya<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u00f9ng v\u0129 v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ea1i Istanbul. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 6, Aya Sofya l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Byzantine v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 537, Aya Sofya \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Seville ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1520. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u00e1i v\u00f2m trung t\u00e2m r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 32 m\u00e9t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Aya Sofya<\/strong>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n Th\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i\u201d, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Istanbul. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 360, Aya Sofya gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t 1000 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 537 cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1453. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p v\u01b0\u01a1n cao, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 v\u00e0 uy nghi\u00eam, v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u00f4m Ch\u00faa Jesu tr\u00ean m\u00e1i v\u00f2m v\u00e0 Mihrab b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, khi\u1ebfn bao du kh\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ea9n ng\u01a1, th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744mYm\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Aya Sofya, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744EdN\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u00ean trong b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Aya Sofya, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4.-phao-dai-crac-des-chevaliers-syria\">4. Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Crac des Chevaliers, Syria<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Crac des Chevaliers<\/strong>, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Hi\u1ec7p s\u0129, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 t\u1ea1i Syria. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kurd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. T\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 \u1ed1p l\u00e1t d\u00e0y t\u1edbi 30m, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m. Crac des Chevaliers \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 chinh, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Syria v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c Trung \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 5 n\u0103m qua, Crac des Chevaliers \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau. N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i nh\u00ecn ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Antioch b\u00ean s\u00f4ng Orontes v\u1edbi Beirut v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai y\u00eau th\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744xaB\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Crac des Chevaliers, Syria<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744ygs\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i Crac des Chevaliers, Syria<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5.-nha-tho-hoi-giao-imam-iran\">5. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Imam, Iran<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Imam<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u1ea1i Isfahan, Iran, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vua Shah Abbas v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Iran m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Imam n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch g\u1ed1m kh\u1ea3m b\u1ea3y m\u00e0u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p, bao quanh b\u1edfi b\u1ed1n c\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e1i v\u00f2m l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby. C\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh, cao t\u1edbi 30m, m\u1edf ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tay ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n, m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian linh thi\u00eang, n\u01a1i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh. H\u01a1n 400 n\u0103m qua, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Imam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean t\u1edd ti\u1ec1n 20.000 rial c\u1ee7a Iran, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch kh\u1ea3m \u0111a s\u1eafc (xanh \u0111\u1eadm, xanh nh\u1ea1t, tr\u1eafng, \u0111en, v\u00e0ng, xanh l\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng), m\u00e1i v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh t\u1eeb xa. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1eafc th\u01b0 ph\u00e1p tinh x\u1ea3o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 linh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Isfahan, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744YKt\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Imam, Iran<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744zGY\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Imam, Iran<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6.-nha-tho-sagrada-familia-tay-ban-nha\">6. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Sagrada Familia, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Sagrada Fam\u00edlia<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; Ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi thi\u00ean t\u00e0i Antoni Gaud\u00ed, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh sau h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 thi c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi 18 ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, m\u1ed7i ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. D\u00f9 ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p k\u1ef3 v\u0129 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u du kh\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Barcelona v\u00e0 x\u1ee9 s\u1edf b\u00f2 t\u00f3t &#8211; T\u00e2y Ban Nha. N\u0103m 2010, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Sagrada Familia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Catalan, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng cho l\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac H\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Gaud\u00ed. M\u1ed7i chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m ch\u00fat t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p. V\u1edbi l\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb, Sagrada Familia x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, khi\u1ebfn ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ed3 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744BCk\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Sagrada Familia, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744bRQ\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Sagrada Familia, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7.-cung-dien-potala-tay-tang\">7. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala<\/strong>, t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ed3i cao 300m so v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Lhasa, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m linh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi vua Songtsen Gampo, \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma. Potala kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1000 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1edbi v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p h\u00f9ng v\u0129, bao tr\u00f9m m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian linh thi\u00eang. Ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u01a1i Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho Quan Th\u1ebf \u00c2m B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, mang \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, Potala l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nepal. Du kh\u00e1ch khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ba c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng Potala, \u0111\u1ec1n Jokhan v\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f9a h\u00e8 Norbulingka. M\u1ed7i t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng trong t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744nMR\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744PaU\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8.-bao-tang-guggenheim-tay-ban-nha\">8. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guggenheim, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guggenheim Bilbao<\/strong>, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec7t t\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o thu\u1ed9c phong c\u00e1ch Deconstructivism. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea5t c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng, l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c h\u00fat, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi quy chu\u1ea9n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. T\u1ecda l\u1ea1c trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kinh doanh c\u0169, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Bilbao. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guggenheim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i cong b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ed3ng x\u1ebfp l\u00ean nhau, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf titanium ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, khi\u1ebfn t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a qua t\u1eebng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn. V\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u1ea1 m\u1eaft, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi quy t\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng gian trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y m\u1edf v\u00e0 li\u00ean ho\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch tham quan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744TST\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guggenheim, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744opK\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guggenheim, T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"9.-thu-vien-bibliotheca-alexandrina-ai-cap\">9. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Ai C\u1eadp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng gia Alexandria<\/strong>, t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Alexandria, Ai C\u1eadp, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vua Ptolemy II, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Tuy b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Alexandria v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong danh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3y k\u1ef3 quan c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch qu\u00fd b\u00e1u. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111i \u00e1nh h\u00e0o quang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ai C\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi mang t\u00ean Alexandrina, c\u00e1ch th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 200m, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh huy ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Alexandrina<\/strong>&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1edbn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng, ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3. V\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ebfn 2.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u01a1n 8 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Alexandrina thu h\u00fat kho\u1ea3ng 800.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00e1ch m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Ai C\u1eadp, mang l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00f4 t\u1eadn cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744KKz\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Ai C\u1eadp<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744ZyZ\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Ai C\u1eadp<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"10.-den-taj-mahal-an-do\">10. \u0110\u1ec1n Taj Mahal, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Taj Mahal<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec7t t\u00e1c v\u0129nh c\u1eedu n\u1eb1m \u1edf Agra, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng tinh khi\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Taj Mahal tr\u1edf n\u00ean huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban mai ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00eam tr\u0103ng s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng trong l\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edd \u1ea3o, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian k\u1ef3 b\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean. C\u1ea3nh quan xung quanh Taj Mahal c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Yamuna v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm, n\u01a1i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ec1n Taj Mahal<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u00e0 m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 vua Shah Jahan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 y\u00eau qu\u00fd Mumtaz Mahal. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 tri \u00e2n c\u1ee7a vua \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, h\u01a1n 20.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c su\u1ed1t 22 n\u0103m, v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 320 tri\u1ec7u rupee (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 1 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3). T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3m v\u1edbi 28 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u00e1n qu\u00fd, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cung \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy nga v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7. M\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, Taj Mahal v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 phai m\u1edd c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u du kh\u00e1ch t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744UhG\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec1n Taj Mahal, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.tripi.vn\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=700,height=700\/https:\/\/gcs.tripi.vn\/public-tripi\/tripi-feed\/img\/485744omV\/anh-mo-ta.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u1ec1n Taj Mahal, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(Tham kh\u1ea3o http:\/\/tripi.vn)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng, Nga Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng&nbsp;t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Neva t\u1ea1i Saint Petersburg, Nga, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Hermitage, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=768"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1394,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/768\/revisions\/1394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/essevietnam.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}